Would then just reach 100%
all the kinetic energy in the jet being transformed into useful power output,
with the water falling from the buckets with zero absolute velocity.
In practice, however, surface friction over the bucket is always present, and B cannot reasonably exceed a value of about 165, so 100% efficiency can never be achieved.
It must be emphasised that the hydraulic efficiency used here gives the ratio of hydraulic power generated by the wheel to the power in the jet. The overall efficiency of the turbine will fall short of this hydraulic efficiency due to some loss of head in the nozzle, air resistance, and losses at the bearings.
Would then just reach 100%
all the kinetic energy in the jet being transformed into useful power output,
with the water falling from the buckets with zero absolute velocity.
In practice, however, surface friction over the bucket is always present, and B cannot reasonably exceed a value of about 165, so 100% efficiency can never be achieved.
It must be emphasised that the hydraulic efficiency used here gives the ratio of hydraulic power generated by the wheel to the power in the jet. The overall efficiency of the turbine will fall short of this hydraulic efficiency due to some loss of head in the nozzle, air resistance, and losses at the bearings.
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