Study Participants
Outcomes data analysis was done on those members
who met the following inclusion criteria (Figure 1):
•• Completed the same version of pre-QOL and post-
QOL assessment surveys, including questions
concerning motivation, confidence, and readiness
for change;
•• participated in coaching for a minimum of 28 days;
•• completed pre-QOL survey within 90 days prior to
coaching and completed post-QOL within 90 days
of the last session;
•• completed pre-QOL and post-QOL survey at least
20 days apart; and
•• provided PAM scores during the later half of the
study period, beginning in October 2009 (only a
subset of the study population).