Most of the lawsuits against Ford were civil suits for actual and punitive damages, but one case involved criminal charges. In Indiana a rear-end collision between a van and a Pinto caused a fire which killed three teenage girls in the Pinto. Ford was subsequently tried in Indiana for the criminal charge of negligent homicide. There were no accompanying civil suits for this particular incident because, at the time, Indiana law severely limited the amount of damages which a parent could recover for the death of a minor child (no punitive damages were allowed and actual damages were limited to the lost wages which the minor might have earned in the time between his/her death and age 18). Many argue that Ford was acquitted of the negligent homicide charge because the standard of proof in a criminal charge is much higher than the standard of proof in a civil charge (reasonable doubt vs. a preponderance, or balancing, of the evidence). The most damaging civil case against Ford was Grimshaw vs. Ford, a California case in which a jury awarded $150 million in punitive damages (later reduced to $6 million on appeal).