tGinkgo biloba (Gb) is currently the most investigated and adopted herbal remedy for cognitive disordersand Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Nevertheless, its efficacy in the prevention and treatment of dementia stillremains controversial. Specifically, the added effects of Gb in subjects already receiving “conventional”anti-dementia treatments have been to date very scarcely investigated. We evaluated whether the useof Gb is associated with additional cognitive and functional benefit in AD patients already in treatmentwith cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs).Data are from mild to moderate AD patients under ChEI treatment recruited in the Impact of CholinergicTreatment USe (ICTUS) study. Mixed model analyses were performed to measure six-monthly modifica-tions in the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive(ADAS-Cog) subscale score, and the Activities of Daily Living (ADL) scale over a follow-up of 1 yearaccording to the additional Gb supplementation.A total of 828 subjects were considered for the present analyses. Significantly different modificationsat the MMSE score over the 12-month follow-up were reported between patients on combined therapycompared to those only taking ChEIs. On the contrary, the modification of the ADAS-Cog score betweenthe two groups did not show statistically significant differences, although similar trends were noticed. Nosignificant modifications of the two adopted outcome measures were observed at the mid-term 6-monthevaluation. The modifications over time of the ADL score did not show statistically significant differencesbetween the two groups of interest.Our findings suggest that Gb may provide some added cognitive benefits in AD patients already underChEIs treatment. The clinical meaningfulness of such effects remains to be confirmed and clarified.