Synthetic NTs show enormous potential as artificial ion channels in both theoretical and experimental work. It is now possible to fabricate and design synthetic NTs that are selectively permeable to water molecules, cations, or anions. Although research into mimicking biological ion channels has recently gained momentum, it is still very much in its infancy and much work needs to be done before practical applications will be realized. With the work of Fornasiero et al, the development of desalination membranes incorporating NTs is closer to being achieved than any other application. For the application of these synthetic ion channels in a biological setting to be realized, it is vital that there be more studies confirming theoretical work and confirming their lack of toxicity. It is hoped that this review will facilitate interest and expedite progress in this unique field of research.