Plantation development has many impacts to the environment. Site preparation contributes to the ecological impacts of the environment. If the plantation is located in an ecologically sensitive area, it may result in clearing and subsequently removal and extinction of ecologically important ecosystem and species. Aside ecological impact, plantation establishment also has impact on air due to the open burning of the biomass, and water due to the usage of agro-chemicals (i.e. fertilizers, pesticides, and fungicides). The biggest impact is on soil, which is mainly happened after forest clearing and plantation establishment. It is affecting soil quality by directly reducing nutrients and affecting soil properties such as infiltration rates.