with permeation profile of commercial cream.
For f1 and f2,ex vivo permeation profiles of onabet was considered as referenceand prepared HSM was considered as test.
The f1 value less than15 and f2 value more than 50 signifies permeation profile of test
is good agreement with reference.
In this study (Table 3), the permeation profiles of HSM-3 (f1, 11.7; f2, 66.9) and HSM-8 (f1, 13.5; f2,63.5), was good agreement with the permeation profile of onabet.
4.5. Skin retention study
The skin retention of STZL was 32.68, 62.42 and 103.26 g for plain drug solution, commercial cream and HSM-4 respectively.
HSM-4 had 3 and 1.5 times higher drug deposition capacity than commercial cream and
plain drug solutions
respectively.
This
might
be
due
to
faster
release
observed
for
the
drug
from
HSM-4
com-
pared
to
commercial
cream
and
plain
drug
solution
thereby
more
drugs
penetrates
into
the
skin
by
which
more
amount
of
drug
retains
in
the
skin.
If
more
amount
of
drug
retains
in
the
skin,
fun-
gus
present
in
deep
tissues
were
treated
more
effectively.
Hence
it
can
be
inferred
from
skin
retention
study
that
the
optimized
for-
mulation,
HSM-4S
was
more
efficient
for
topical
fungal
diseases.
4.6.
Skin
sensitivity
study
The
intensity
criterion
of
skin
irritation
followed
the
protocol,
that
scores
of
<0.5
meant
no
irritation,
0.5–3
for
slight
irritation,
>6
showed
severe
irritation
and
others
showed
moderate
irritation
[33].
The
irritation
studies
showed
very
little
visible
irritation
after
application
of
optimized
HSM-4
and
aqueous
saline
solution
con-
taining
2%
w/w
STZL
for
5
days
on
the
rabbit
skin.
The
average
response
scores
of
skin
irritation
found
for
HSM-4
are
0.06
±
0.000
(48
h)
and
0.11
±
0.003
(72
h);
and
for
saline
solution
with
2%
(w/w)
STZL
are
0.74
±
0.032
and
1.28
±
0.027
the
saline
solution
of
STZL
induced
significant
erythema,
edema
and
irritation.
This
is
because
of
the
irritation
property
of
STZL.
In
contrast
HSM-4
showed
very
minute
irritation
may
be
due
to
encapsulation
of
STZL
by
ME
in
HSM.
4.7.
Stability
study
Optimized
HSM
exhibited
transparency,
clarity
and
no
drug
pre-
cipitation
or
color
change
when
it
was
subjected
to
stability
study
at
5
±
3◦C,
25
±
2◦C
and
40
±
2◦C
for
6
months.
The
organoleptic
features
like
gel
viscosity,
gel
strength,
physical
appearance
were
also
observed
and
no
significant
change
was
found
in
these
char-
acters.
The
centrifuge
tests
showed
that
all
formulations
had
good
physical
stability.
The
o/w
structure
of
HSM
and
suitable
pH
ran-
ging
from
6.0
to
7.0
provided
a
suitable
circumstance
for
avoiding
the
hydrolysis
of
drug
[10].
4.8.
Anti-fungal
study
The
anti-fungal
efficacy
of
the
developed
HSM-4
was
com-
pared
with
commercial
formulations
(onabet).
Developed
HSM-4
was
found
to
be
more
effective
anti-fungal
activity
in
com-
pare
to
commercial
cream
(Fig.
3a
and
b).
The
average
zone
of
Fig.
3.
(a)
In
vitro
antifungal
of
study
of
optimized
Hydrogel
of
sertaconazole
microemulsion
gel
(HSM-4)
in
Candida
albicans.
(b)
In
vitro
antifungal
of
study
of
Commercial
cream
in
Candida
albicans
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