Sustainability has been identified as one of the global grand challenges of the 21st century. Due to population
growth and expanded global development, the next generation of engineers must be able to design with fewer
resources for a wider variety and greater number of end users [1]. In order to secure a more comfortable future for
generations to enjoy a satisfactory life, emerging technological solutions must be environmentally, economically,
and socially sustainable.
One key area of concern is that of transportation networks. Transportation networks are essential to the functioning
of societies, economies and provide infrastructure for the movement of people and goods over space and time. The
existence and utilization of transportation networks are fundamental to the modern age and the negative effects of
congestion and pollution associated with their increasing usage demand urgent attention [2].