The countries that have the highest LSCI values are actively involved in trade. Namely, the export-oriented economies of China and Hong Kong rank first, with the Singapore transshipmentranking third. Large traders such as the United Kingdom, Germany, South Korea, the United States and Japan rank among the top 15. Countries such as Malaysia, Spain, the United Arab Emirates, Egypt and Oman also rank high because of the major transshipment function their ports perform.