Civilisations in ancient India , China and Southeast Asia Began Near Rivers and Seas
Civilization rise only when the right condition exist. One such condition is the right natural environment. In ancient India and china, this environment consisted of large and fertile river valleys. In island southeast Asia , suitable conditions for rice-planting and the surrounding seas brought trade, which transformed Southeast Asian coastal villages into port cities.All civilizations had leaders who governed the cities and the surroundings. These leaders could be kings or emperors. They had to keep peace by making sure that food was equally distributed to the people and that crime was prevented and criminals were punished. The leaders also had to protect their people against enemy attacks.While the leaders ruled, the common people had other occupations. As the common people specialized in specific occupations, they started thinking of new ways of doing things. This led to developments in science and the arts which will be discussed in chapter 7. Farmers began to use bronze farming tools while craftsmen made beautiful ornaments and sculptures. Those who became traders then bought and sold these products to people of other civilisations.As civilisations developed and the people led more comfortable lives, they could afford to spend more time thinking about issues such as life and death, and the existence of a god or gods. Sometimes , these thoughts and ideas developed into religions and philosophies, such as Buddhism and Confucianism, that are still practiced today. We will learn morn about religion and philosophy in chapter6.All civilizations had some way to record their thoughts and actions. The development of a writing system allowed the ancient people to communicate with one another. today, historians rely on the written records left by the people of ancient India ,China and Southeast Asia to get information about the past.
Civilisations in ancient India , China and Southeast Asia Began Near Rivers and SeasCivilization rise only when the right condition exist. One such condition is the right natural environment. In ancient India and china, this environment consisted of large and fertile river valleys. In island southeast Asia , suitable conditions for rice-planting and the surrounding seas brought trade, which transformed Southeast Asian coastal villages into port cities.All civilizations had leaders who governed the cities and the surroundings. These leaders could be kings or emperors. They had to keep peace by making sure that food was equally distributed to the people and that crime was prevented and criminals were punished. The leaders also had to protect their people against enemy attacks.While the leaders ruled, the common people had other occupations. As the common people specialized in specific occupations, they started thinking of new ways of doing things. This led to developments in science and the arts which will be discussed in chapter 7. Farmers began to use bronze farming tools while craftsmen made beautiful ornaments and sculptures. Those who became traders then bought and sold these products to people of other civilisations.As civilisations developed and the people led more comfortable lives, they could afford to spend more time thinking about issues such as life and death, and the existence of a god or gods. Sometimes , these thoughts and ideas developed into religions and philosophies, such as Buddhism and Confucianism, that are still practiced today. We will learn morn about religion and philosophy in chapter6.All civilizations had some way to record their thoughts and actions. The development of a writing system allowed the ancient people to communicate with one another. today, historians rely on the written records left by the people of ancient India ,China and Southeast Asia to get information about the past.
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