1. Introduction
Recent technologies in wireless communications and electronics have brought the vision of Wireless Sensor Network
(WSN) into reality which have increased the growth of low cost, low power and multi-functional sensors that are small in
size and can communicate in short range. Each node consists of microcontrollers, memory and transceiver. The
microcontrollers are used to execute task, data processing and assist the functionality of other components in the sensor
node. For the memory, it is mainly used for data storage while the transceiver acts from the combination of transmitter and
receiver functions [1].
Natural phenomena data such as temperature, light, sound and pressure are collected by sensors and then transmitted to a
server. These battery powered nodes are used to monitor and control the physical environment from remote locations. In the
past few years, the applications of Wireless Sensor Network have been widely used and applied in medical, military,
industrial, agricultural and environmental monitoring.