Amplification of the 16S rDNA gene (1500 bp) was performed using specific primers for Lactobacillus and Lactococcus genus (F: 50- AGAGTTTGATCMTGGCTCAG-30 and R: 50 -TACCTTGTTAGGACTT- CACC-30). The PCR program cycle was set as follows: denaturation for 4 min at 95 C, 32cycles for 5 min (which consisted of 94 C for 1min,58Cfor1min,and72Cfor95s),andafinalextensionat 72 C for 5 min. Amplicons were electrophoresed on 1% agarose gel. The amplified fragment was then purified from the gel using a QIAquick PCR purification kit (QIAGEN, Hilden, Germany). Purified 16S rDNA fragments were sequenced by Macrogene Company (Korean sequencing company). Each sequence was blasted with deposited sequences in GenBank, NCBI site (http://blast.ncbi.nlm. nih.gov/Blast.cgi) to molecularly identify each strain