The followings research needs are identified by the NIST workshop to address the above issues:
(1) Experimental studies to develop an understanding of the spalling mechanism(s) and establish a
predictive parameter and standard method(s) for its measurement. A combination of experimental and
analytical studies will be needed to gain the understanding necessary to develop a parameter for use in
predicting susceptibility to spalling, similar to a parameter in the field of refractory concrete that includes
permeability, tensile strength, porosity, and moisture content. Experimental data which include measurement