2.3. Rice whiteness (L value)
The color of the grains was determined using a Minolta CR-310
chroma meter (Minolta, Japan) using the CR-A50 granular-materials
attachment. The L* value, which represents lightness, was
determined. A white porcelain plate (L* ¼ 99.41, a* ¼ 4.91 and
b* ¼ þ7.33) was used for calibration.