A. Present Biomass Power
It has been demonstrated that biomass refers to variety of
organisms formed by photosynthesis including all plants,
animals, micro-organisms, municipal organic wastes. Biomass
energy is referred to the energy inherent in the biomass, which
directly or indirectly derived from the photosynthesis of green
plants.
Since last century, dramatically threaten by the severe global
warming mainly caused by increasingly carbon dioxide
emission in this period, countries in the world has been
dedicated greatly to the utilization of renewable energy
technology research and the establishment of relevant policies
. Compared with fossil fuels, biomass energy was typically of
lower cost in raw materials and cleaner in environment
protection. Moreover, the carbon dioxide released in the energy
conversion is absorbed from the environment in its growth
process, so the raw material is considered as"zero
emissions". According to the research on a biomass power plant
in Tangshan, it saves approximately 290,000 tons of standard
coal per year on average, reducing carbon dioxide emissions of
about 207,514 tons.
B. Significance of the Research
Biomass raw materials in China, with huge quantity, are
widely distributed across the whole country. According to the
National Energy Board's statistics, China's annual total biomass
is equivalent to 438 million tons of standard coal. Sufficient
raw materials should have been guaranteed in the application of
biomass power generation. However, many problems are raised
in the process of biomass feedstock procurement as below.
The farmers have low awareness of waste recycling. At
present, farmers tend to choose straw burning at harvest time.
This will not only result in the biomass waste, but also serious
air pollution problems which threaten people's health. The
remaining scraps during daily processing in wood processing
plants are often discarded as rubbishes, which was caused by
farmers and timber processing plants lord have no energy and
better idea of processing these wastes.
Since biomass characterized by bulky volume, low energy
density, biomass power plants need sufficient raw materials to
gain economic benefits. Some biomass power plants are short of
raw materials, Shan County Power Plant in Shandong Province,
for example, only has 30 MW of installed capacity and its
annual consumption of biomass raw material is 30
tons. Because of difficulty in purchasing the raw material, the
cost of which has accounted for over 70% of the total .
On the one hand, farmers and timber processing plants have
no good ways to dispose of primary agricultural and forestry
waste, resulting in a waste of resources. On the other, biomass
power plants do not have enough raw materials to support its
production of electricity. This contradiction is very prominent,
so, how to find a scientific and standardized system to carry out
the collection of raw materials is a question worth
exploring. This paper attempts to use project management to
establish the biomass raw materials procurement system and
give recommendations accordingly.