Comparison of extraction yield: Extraction of natural dye
from Daucus carota (carrot) using water as solvent. The % yield
for extraction using ultrasound and magnetic stirrer compared
was obtained. The results indicate that there it is a significant
improvement in the % yield of coloring matter extract obtained
due to the use of ultrasound. The difference in the enhancement
in extraction yield with ultrasound for different plant material
could be due to different degree of binding of coloring matter
attached to plant cell membranes. Moreover, another important
factor is chemical constituents present in plant material
responsible for the color (chromophore group) and their
solubility nature. Considering the example of the plant, the basic
chromophore group is carotenoid having hydroxyl group, which
is expected to be extracted better with aqueous solvents such as
organic solvents. Whereas, in the case of Green wattle, the basic
chromophore is poly phenolic (Kaempferol) which is expected
to be extracted better with water.33,34 Hence, better yields are
observed for carrot as compared to Green wattle using water as
solvent. These aspects are planned for our future study.