FIGURE 15.3 Plot of the deviation from long-term CIP (as defined in Eq. (15.5)) for 5-year AA-rated corporate Eurobonds for the British pound
and euro (the only currencies for which suitable Eurobond indices are available) against the US dollar. Positive values represent the potential
borrowing cost savings (in bps) from issuing in each of the respective foreign currencies and swapping the proceeds into US dollars using 5-year
currency swaps. As evident in the figure, differences in borrowing costs are somewhat larger and more variable than those observed for AA-rated
bonds. They are also more frequently positive, suggesting that A-rated corporations found it cheaper to issue FC debt and swap the proceeds into
US dollars than to issue straight US dollar-denominated debt throughout much of the sample period. As in the case of government benchmark
bonds and AA-rated corporate Eurobonds, however, it became prohibitively expensive to issue FC debt and swap the proceeds into US dollars
after the credit crisis in the fall of 2008 due to considerable excess demand for US dollar funding from European banks.