Inactivation of microorganisms is important in many industrial applications and novel low-energy or energy-efficient methods of inactivation continue to attract interest. Concerning product safety and quality management, microbial inactivation is a key parameter to be addressed in food production processes. The presence of undesired or high numbers of certain microorganisms may cause product deterioration (e.g. substance degradation),quality loss (e.g. appearance changes, off-odors,off-taste, color deterioration, etc) and/or health problems
(e.g. diseases and/or illnesses). Inadequate cooking, for example,is thought to be the major cause of Salmonella spp. outbreaks