to the product, whether they are present during or added after fermentation. If they
are added after fermentation, interactions may be kept to a minimum, since addition
is possible immediately before or even after cooling below 8°C, and metabolic
activities of starters and probiotics are drastically reduced at these temperatures.
Nevertheless, during extended storage, even small interactions may yield measurable
effects. These considerations, however, are not entirely new, because application in
cheese manufacture of adjunct cultures25 has already created some experience in the
interaction of starter cultures with additional active bacteria