Treatment and disposition of hypoglycemia are guided by the history and the clinical picture. Serum glucose should be measured frequently and used to guide treatment, because clinical appearance alone may not reflect the seriousness of the situation.
Hypoglycemia is defined according to the following serum glucose levels:
< 50 mg/dL in men
< 45 mg/dL in women
< 40 mg/dL in infants and children
If the cause of hypoglycemia is other than oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin in a diabetic patient, other lab tests may be necessary.
In a cross-sectional study of 291 adults presenting to the emergency department (ED) with hypoglycemia (≤ 60 mg/dL) or altered mental status resolved by glucagon or glucose, Sinert et al determined that routine laboratory testing is justified in patients presenting to the ED with hypoglycemia because of the high rate of abnormal laboratory results.[1] Of the 291, 200 (69%) had at least 1 laboratory abnormality, including newly diagnosed (23%) or preexisting (32%) renal failure, hypokalemia (8%), hyperkalemia (11%), leucocytosis (4.2%) and pyuria (19%).
Treatment and disposition of hypoglycemia are guided by the history and the clinical picture. Serum glucose should be measured frequently and used to guide treatment, because clinical appearance alone may not reflect the seriousness of the situation.Hypoglycemia is defined according to the following serum glucose levels:< 50 mg/dL in men< 45 mg/dL in women< 40 mg/dL in infants and childrenIf the cause of hypoglycemia is other than oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin in a diabetic patient, other lab tests may be necessary.In a cross-sectional study of 291 adults presenting to the emergency department (ED) with hypoglycemia (≤ 60 mg/dL) or altered mental status resolved by glucagon or glucose, Sinert et al determined that routine laboratory testing is justified in patients presenting to the ED with hypoglycemia because of the high rate of abnormal laboratory results.[1] Of the 291, 200 (69%) had at least 1 laboratory abnormality, including newly diagnosed (23%) or preexisting (32%) renal failure, hypokalemia (8%), hyperkalemia (11%), leucocytosis (4.2%) and pyuria (19%).
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