This was a convenience sample of parents and providers in
primary care offices in Houston, Texas. Pediatricians were randomly
chosen from the Harris County Medical Society directory
and their practices were contacted by mail or email and invited
to participate. Offices that expressed interest in participating were
visited by investigators who explained the study. Once an office
agreed to participate, a practice study visit was arranged where
investigators invited parents and guardians (hereafter “parents”)
of children, of any age, presenting for care to the office that day to
complete a short, anonymous survey. Inclusion criteria for parents
included a willingness to participate and the ability to complete the
survey in English or Spanish. Parents whose children were identified
by office staff as acutely ill at the time of the visit were not
approached because concerns about their child could potentially
bias parental responses. Providers (physicians, nurses, MAs) in that
office were also asked to complete an anonymous survey. This study
was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Baylor College
of Medicine.