Seven brands of black and magnetic powders available in Thailand were used to
investigate the number of minutiae of developed latent fingerprint on 12 surface samples by
Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS). Each brand was repeated 10 times on each
surface. The average numbers of minutiae of each brand was compared to those on inked print
(52), and then calculate as percentage. The efficiency of powders on each surface was graded
according to the percentage: >80% = excellent, 66-80% = good, 50-65% = fair, and