Volcanic eruptions can bury whole cities in lava and ash, but they also play a fundamental role in shaping our planet, forming islands, enriching soil, and releasing gases that are necessary for life. Learn about different types of volcanoes and why they erupt. Investigate historic volcanic eruptions that took civilizations by surprise, as well as the methods scientists use today to monitor volcanic activity and predict eruptions. Find out why people continue to live near active volcanoes, and explore calderas, volcanic hotspots that move over time