CONCLUSIONS
The current study demonstrates that a therapeutic dose of NPH insulin (0.35 units/kg) commonly used in patients with T1DM results in quite different PK/PD depending on whether NPH insulin is appropriately resuspended before
subcutaneous injection. Compared with resuspended NPH insulin, nonresuspended NPH insulin may result in either potentiated or reduced insulin PK/PD depending on the position of the pen before injection (held horizontally or
vertically with tip either up or down).At one extreme, when the pen is held