the extra distractions in the controller area. The graphical complexity contained in the Gran Turismo
3 game level encompasses the second most complex graphics of the game levels tested in this study.
However, even though the graphics are technically more advanced and realistic than e.g., Pac-Man,
Sonic the Hedgehog and Crash Bandicoot, we can see clearly higher m YEP system accuracies for
Gran Turismo 3. After further analysis we have concluded that the uniformly paced gameplay and
consistent background of Gran Turismo 3 created an interesting and compelling visual environment
with minimal visual distractions. These factors contributed to the greater m YEP accuracy achieved
by participants with the Gran Turismo 3 game level. In comparison, the Pac-Man game level presents
an environment which contains flashing imagery and game objects represented by bright primary
colours with erratic movement. Furthermore, the Sonic the Hedgehog game level contains a very
non-static scenery with a constantly moving game character and the use of primary colours, flashing
imagery and variable, constantly changing speed which all contribute to the advanced workload of
the participants' visual processing area of the brain. The Crash Bandicoot level produced the worst
overall results across all four analysis tests. In this game level the protagonist depicted by a brightly
coloured, rapidly moving character who constantly changes from jumping, bouncing, spinning and
falling presents a highly dynamic game environment to the subjects which furthers the point that the
faster paced, brightly coloured gameplay scenarios faced by the partIcIpants contribute to a lower m
YEP classification accuracy. The most graphically complex game used in this study was the Call of
Duty: Advanced Warfare game level which represents the current state of graphics in today' s
gaming industry. In this game level we also see a varied result in the accuracies: 5th in analysis test
1, 2nd in analysis test 3, 3rd in analysis test 2 and 3Td in analysis test 4. The results suggest that
using the latest graphical techniques such as those employed in Call of Duty: Advanced Warfare 978-
1-4673-7921-2/15/$31.00 ©20 15 IEEE The 20th International Conference on Computer Games may
be feasible for an mVEP controlled BCI game without radically depleting the system classification
accuracies. 5.1. Limitations Ten subjects were tested for this study. Perhaps if more subjects were
tested, the ANOV A analysis may have shown the significance of differences between the complexity
of each level. The games presentation used for the study were videos played to each subject of
commercially available video games. Due to the games presentation being shown via video and the
m YEP training environment used, the subjects had no control over the gameplay and thus were not
provided with feedback. The lack of feedback may have affected the accuracies achieved by the
subjects as the task was only to concentrate on the m YEP button area of the screen and most
subjects reported that they felt some feedback would have maintained their attention better. We
selected only one game (Crash Bandicoot) out of the five to present the m YEP button area without
the white background. If we had presented the mVEP button area to the subjects without the white
background using all the game levels, it would have allowed a better insight into the performance
gain or loss of each type of game using this method of controller. We did not test the no-white
background on all games due to time constraints on the session, however testing these two
controller methods over two sessions (one for white background and one for no white background)
may provide clearer results.