Protective behavioral strategies (PBS) are specific behaviors one can utilize to minimize the harmful consequences
of alcohol consumption. Recently, there has been an increasing amount of interest in use of PBS
among college students, especially as an intervention target. The purpose of the present comprehensive review
of the PBS literature was to examine the measurement of PBS and summarize the quantitative relationships
between PBS use and other variables. The review found inconsistency across studies in terms of how the use
of PBS is operationalized and found only two PBS measures with good psychometric properties that have been
replicated. Although several antecedents to PBS use were identified, most were only examined in single studies.
Moderators of the predictive effects of PBS use on outcomes have similarly suffered fromlack of replication in the
literature. Of all 62 published reports reviewed, 80% reported only cross-sectional data, which is unfortunate
given that PBS use may change over time and in different contexts. In addition, only two attempted to minimize
potential recall biases associated with retrospective assessment of PBS use, and only two used an approach that
allowed the examination of both within-subject and between-subject effects. In terms of the gaps in the literature,
there is a dearth of longitudinal studies of PBS use, especially intensive longitudinal studies, which are
integral to identifying more specifically how, when, and for whom use of PBS can be protective.
Protective behavioral strategies (PBS) are specific behaviors one can utilize to minimize the harmful consequencesof alcohol consumption. Recently, there has been an increasing amount of interest in use of PBSamong college students, especially as an intervention target. The purpose of the present comprehensive reviewof the PBS literature was to examine the measurement of PBS and summarize the quantitative relationshipsbetween PBS use and other variables. The review found inconsistency across studies in terms of how the useof PBS is operationalized and found only two PBS measures with good psychometric properties that have beenreplicated. Although several antecedents to PBS use were identified, most were only examined in single studies.Moderators of the predictive effects of PBS use on outcomes have similarly suffered fromlack of replication in theliterature. Of all 62 published reports reviewed, 80% reported only cross-sectional data, which is unfortunategiven that PBS use may change over time and in different contexts. In addition, only two attempted to minimizepotential recall biases associated with retrospective assessment of PBS use, and only two used an approach thatallowed the examination of both within-subject and between-subject effects. In terms of the gaps in the literature,there is a dearth of longitudinal studies of PBS use, especially intensive longitudinal studies, which areintegral to identifying more specifically how, when, and for whom use of PBS can be protective.
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