Moreover, to the extent that positive emotions both broaden and build, over time they also should produce improved well-being. For example, if positive emotions broaden the scope of cognition and enable flexible and creative thinking, they also should facilitate coping with stress and adversity. Consistent with this view, studies have shown that people who experienced positive emotions during bereavement were more likely to develop long-term plans and goals. Together with positive emotions, plans and goals predicted greater psychological wellbeing 12 months after bereavement (Stein, Folkman, Trabasso, & Richards, 1997). Thus, the effects of positive emotions are hypothesized to accumulate and compound over time. By broadening people’s modes of thinking and action, positive emotions should improve coping and thus build resilience. Increments in resilience should, in turn, predict future experiences of positive emotions.