Human society entered into the society of large energy consumption since the industrial revolution and
consumes more than 10 billion tons of oil equivalent energy a year in the world in the present time, in
which over 80% is provided by fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas. Total energy consumption is
foreseen to increase year by year from now on due to significant economical and population growth in
the developing countries such as China and India. However, fossil fuel resources are limited with conventional
crude oil estimated to last about 40 years, and it is said that the peak oil production time has come
now. On the other hand, global warming due to green house gases (GHG) emissions, especially carbon
dioxide, has become a serious issue.
Nuclear energy plays an important role as means to resolve energy security and global warming issues.
Four hundred twenty-nine nuclear power plants are operating world widely producing 16% of the total
electric power with total plant capacity of 386 GWe without emission of CO2 as of 2006. It is estimated
that another 250 GWe nuclear power is needed to keep the same level contribution of electricity generation
in 2030. On the other hand, the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI) developed the very
high temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) named high temperature gas-cooled engineering test reactor
(HTTR) and carbon free hydrogen production process (IS process). Nuclear energy utilization will
surely widen in, not only electricity generation, but also various industries such as steel making, chemical
industries, together with hydrogen production for transportation
Human society entered into the society of large energy consumption since the industrial revolution and
consumes more than 10 billion tons of oil equivalent energy a year in the world in the present time, in
which over 80% is provided by fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas. Total energy consumption is
foreseen to increase year by year from now on due to significant economical and population growth in
the developing countries such as China and India. However, fossil fuel resources are limited with conventional
crude oil estimated to last about 40 years, and it is said that the peak oil production time has come
now. On the other hand, global warming due to green house gases (GHG) emissions, especially carbon
dioxide, has become a serious issue.
Nuclear energy plays an important role as means to resolve energy security and global warming issues.
Four hundred twenty-nine nuclear power plants are operating world widely producing 16% of the total
electric power with total plant capacity of 386 GWe without emission of CO2 as of 2006. It is estimated
that another 250 GWe nuclear power is needed to keep the same level contribution of electricity generation
in 2030. On the other hand, the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI) developed the very
high temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) named high temperature gas-cooled engineering test reactor
(HTTR) and carbon free hydrogen production process (IS process). Nuclear energy utilization will
surely widen in, not only electricity generation, but also various industries such as steel making, chemical
industries, together with hydrogen production for transportation
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