Beingreleasedbeforeembryoimplantation,
hCG alsoactsonendometrialcellsinaparacrineway.Forexam-
ple, hCGinducesmorphologicalandfunctionaldifferentiation
ofendometrialstromalcellsintodecidua(108). Theinvestiga-
torsdemonstratedthathCGinduceprolactinsecretionbyhuman
endometrialstromalcells,whichisasignofdecidualization.Fur-
thermore,hCGcontrolsLIFandIL-6secretionbyhumanendome-
trialcells,andthesetwocytokinesareknowntoinfluenceblas-
tocystimplantation(109). Indeed,weshowedthatendometrial
epithelialcellsculturedwithhCGsecretehigherLIFlevelwhile
showingdecreasedIL-6secretion.Furthermore,hCGhasangio-
genicandimmunologicalproperties,asreviewedinarecentpaper
(110). Briefly,hCGpromotesangiogenesisbyincreasingvesselfor-
mationandpericytesproutingandmaturationinseveral in vitro
and in vivo experimentalmodels(111–115). hCGalsoinfluences
angiogenicmoleculeproductionlikevascularendothelialgrowth
factor(VEGF)(113, 116). Inthisrespect,hCGisconsideredto
beanangiogenicfactor(117). Bypromotingangiogenesisand
vasculogenesis,hCGallowsplacentatohaveadequatebloodsup-
plyduringtheinvasionofuterusandoptimumnutritiontothe
fetus.
Beingreleasedbeforeembryoimplantation,hCG alsoactsonendometrialcellsinaparacrineway.Forexam-ple, hCGinducesmorphologicalandfunctionaldifferentiationofendometrialstromalcellsintodecidua(108). Theinvestiga-torsdemonstratedthathCGinduceprolactinsecretionbyhumanendometrialstromalcells,whichisasignofdecidualization.Fur-thermore,hCGcontrolsLIFandIL-6secretionbyhumanendome-trialcells,andthesetwocytokinesareknowntoinfluenceblas-tocystimplantation(109). Indeed,weshowedthatendometrialepithelialcellsculturedwithhCGsecretehigherLIFlevelwhileshowingdecreasedIL-6secretion.Furthermore,hCGhasangio-genicandimmunologicalproperties,asreviewedinarecentpaper(110). Briefly,hCGpromotesangiogenesisbyincreasingvesselfor-mationandpericytesproutingandmaturationinseveral in vitroand in vivo experimentalmodels(111–115). hCGalsoinfluencesangiogenicmoleculeproductionlikevascularendothelialgrowthfactor(VEGF)(113, 116). Inthisrespect,hCGisconsideredtobeanangiogenicfactor(117). Bypromotingangiogenesisandvasculogenesis,hCGallowsplacentatohaveadequatebloodsup-plyduringtheinvasionofuterusandoptimumnutritiontothefetus.
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beingreleasedbeforeembryoimplantation HCG , alsoactsonendometrialcellsinaparacrineway
-
. forexam กรุณา hcginducesmorphologicalandfunctionaldifferentiation
ofendometrialstromalcellsintodecidua ( 108 ) theinvestiga torsdemonstratedthathcginduceprolactinsecretionbyhuman
-
endometrialstromalcells whichisasignofdecidualization ขนสัตว์ - , . thermore hcgcontrolslifandil-6secretionbyhumanendome trialcells -
, ,andthesetwocytokinesareknowntoinfluenceblas -
tocystimplantation ( 109 ) แน่นอน weshowedthatendometrial
showingdecreasedil-6secretion epithelialcellsculturedwithhcgsecretehigherliflevelwhile นอกจากนี้ hcghasangio genicandimmunologicalproperties asreviewedinarecentpaper -
,
( 110 ) สั้น ๆ , hcgpromotesangiogenesisbyincreasingvesselfor -
mationandpericytesproutingandmaturationinseveral ในหลอดทดลองและ in vivo experimentalmodels ( 111 - 115 ) hcgalsoinfluences
angiogenicmoleculeproductionlikevascularendothelialgrowth ปัจจัย ( การศึกษา ) ( 113 , 116 ) inthisrespect hcgisconsideredto
, beanangiogenicfactor ( 117 ) bypromotingangiogenesisand
-
vasculogenesis hcgallowsplacentatohaveadequatebloodsup , plyduringtheinvasionofuterusandoptimumnutritiontothe ทารกในครรภ์
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