soil, and water) account for about 98% of the total area this study area was selected to evaluate the impact of climate on water resources where human impact is minimal.
The study area is predominantly semi-arid. The annual mean temperature is 11.3°C and the annual total precipitation is 406.1 mm. The annual mean temperature and annual total precipitation are based on data from four climatic stations: Bueyeros, Mosquero, Pasamonte, and Roy. Four climate stations and one gauging station are located in the study area to provide long-term climatic and hydrological data with a relatively dense observation network (Fig. 1).