Table 5: The effectiveness of existing economic instruments
Emission cut measure
Player
Passenger tax
Emissions trading
TECHNOLOGY
Manufacturer
No impact
No impact
Fuel company
No impact
No impact
INFRASTRUCTURE
Government
No impact
No impact
ANSP
No impact
No impact
Airport
No impact
No impact
OPERATIONS/FLEET
Airline
No impact
Impact
REDUCED DEMAND
Passenger
Minor impact
Minor impact
CUTS ELSEWHERE
Other industry
No impact
Impact