ResultsMultiple factors influenced the likelihood of cesareanbirth. For example, medical inductions increased the likelihoodof cesarean births for both multiparous (52%) andprimiparous (33%) women. Advancing maternal age atthe time of delivery increased the likelihood of cesareanbirth regardless of parity by approximately 5% per eachyear of age (p<.0001), a finding not surprising given thatolder mothers are more likely to experience pregnancycomplications necessitatingmedical intervention (Gilbert,Nesbitt, & Danielsen, 1999).Elective induction did not increase the likelihoodof a cesarean birth in this sample. When examiningthose women coded as “induction of labor” (n=12,398),women who had an elective induction were significantlyless likely (p<.0001) to experience a cesarean birth (50%less likely) compared with women in spontaneous laboror those induced for medically indicated reasons. In theinduction group, maternal education was associated withan increased likelihood of cesarean birth following laborinduction (p<.05) and with a negative correlation betweenhigher maternal education and the likelihood ofcesarean births for first time mothers in general (p<.001):for each additional year of educational attainment, thelikelihood of a cesarean birth fell by about 2%.
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