Kawasaki syndrome and rheumatic heart disease, a consequence of group A streptococcal infection, are the first and
second leading causes of acquired heart disease in children in the United States. Kawasaki syndrome and streptococcal
scarlet fever manifest in clinically similar ways, and it is important for the nurse practitioner to recognize the
distinguishing features of these 2 diagnoses. Prompt identification and management of both disease processes can
mitigate the risk for developing associated cardiac sequelae.
Keywords: acquired heart disease, enanthema, exanthema, group A streptococcus, Kawasaki syndrome, scarlatiniform
rash, streptococcal scarlet fever
2013 Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
Kawasaki syndrome and rheumatic heart disease, a consequence of group A streptococcal infection, are the first andsecond leading causes of acquired heart disease in children in the United States. Kawasaki syndrome and streptococcalscarlet fever manifest in clinically similar ways, and it is important for the nurse practitioner to recognize thedistinguishing features of these 2 diagnoses. Prompt identification and management of both disease processes canmitigate the risk for developing associated cardiac sequelae.Keywords: acquired heart disease, enanthema, exanthema, group A streptococcus, Kawasaki syndrome, scarlatiniformrash, streptococcal scarlet fever 2013 Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
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