Self-determination theory is a meta-theory that describes the relationships between internal and external factors on intrinsic and extrinsic motivation (Deci & Ryan, 2011). Causality Orientations Theory, a component of self-determination theory, describes an individual's pattern of motivation and behavior. General causality orientations are relatively enduring, trait-like characteristics reflective of an individual's belief about their ability to promote or cause change (Deci & Ryan, 1985). These beliefs regarding locus of causality correspond with an individual's motivational pattern. Three distinct orientations have been evaluated: Autonomy, associated with an internal locus of causality and intrinsic motivation; Controlled, related with an external locus of causality and extrinsic motivation; and Impersonal, associated with a lack of control over causality leading to a lack of motivation.