The african elephant, the larger of the two and the largest of all living land animals, is divided into two races., the Bush elephant and the forest elephant, the former being the most widely distributed and the latter being confined to tropical forests of west Africa. The African Elephant is distinguished by its flat forehead, concave back, large ears and ringed trunk: both the males and females have long tusks. It lives in family groups led by and old female (the matriarch) who dominates the females, calves and young bulls. These groups join up with others and the group of adult bulls and form a large herd of some 30 to 50 individuals. Elephant are most active during the cool hours of early morning and evening. They rest in the shade at noon and sleep, sometimes standing, at night.