Ren
• Ren means human-heartedness.
• The state of human being and moral humanity and humaneness.
• Ren is the signed of kindliness of human that raised from the relationship of parent and child.
• So, gratitude is the base of humanness.
• To achieve Ren one must behave properly in all human relationships. “The man of Ren is one who, desiring to sustain himself, sustain others, and desiring to develop himself, develops others. To be able from one’s own self to draw a parallel for the treatment of others; that may be called the way to practice Ren.” Thus, the way to practice of Ren is to consideration for others.
• “Desiring to sustain oneself, one sustains others; desiring to develop oneself, one develops others.” Inother words: “do to others what you wish yourself.” This is the positive aspect of the practice, which was called by “Confucius chung” or “conscientiousness to others”.
• The negative aspect, whcich was called by Confucius shu or “altruism”. Is: “ Do not do to others what you do not wish yourself.” The practice as a whole is called the principle of chung and shu, which is “the way to practice Ren.”
• The word Ren not only to denote a special kind of virtue, but also to denote all virtues combined, so that the term “man of Ren” becomes synonymous with the man of all-In such context, Ren can be translated as “perfect virtue”.
• “What you do not wish for yourself, do not do to others.” This is the way to practice Ren. – The positive aspect called the Chung that is the conscientiousness to others, and the negative aspects called Shu-altruism – do not do to others what you do not wish yourself.
• The principle of Chung and Shu is as the same as the principle of Ren, and this practice leads to the carrying out of one’s responsibilities and duties in society, in which is comprised the quality of Yi or righteousness.