Philip Kotler (1999) Market-oriented strategic planning is the managerial process of developing and maintaining a viable fit between the organization’s objective, skills, and resources and its changing market opportunities. The aim of strategic planning is to shape and reshape the company’s businesses and product so that they yield target profits and growth. Strategic planning takes place at four levels: corporate, division, business unit, and product.
(Pierre Jeannet & H. David, 1998) in the early phases of develop, global marketing strategies were assumed to be one type only. Typically, these first types of global strategies were associated with offering the same marketing strategy across the globe. The debate centered on whether a company could gain anything from this and what the preconditions for this type of strategy would be. As marketers gained more experience, many other types of global marketing strategies became apparent. Some of those were much less complicated and exposed a smaller aspect of a marketing strategy to globalization.
C. Jain (2004) Marketing management deals with developing a marketing mix to serve designated markets. The development of a marketing mix should be preceded by a definition of the market. Traditionally, however, market has been loosely defined. In an environment of expansion, even marginal operations could be profitable; therefore, there was no reason to be precise, especially when considering that the task of defining a market is at best difficult. Besides, corporate culture emphasized short-term orientation, which by implication stressed a winning marketing mix rather than an accurate definition of the market.