rice grains were rinsed using tap water, disinfected by soaking in 0.1% sodium hypochlorite for 30 min and rinsed twice with sufficient water. the germination process was carried out by the method of Ohtsubo et al. (2005), with a slight modification. the experimental plan was a 2x7 factorial design, in which there were two forms of rice grain (eith and without huska), and seven different germination time