This study demonstrates the nutritional potential of a Tilapiaby-product hydrolysate with a high peptide content and a well-balanced amino acid profile. Moreover, the experimental strategyused to characterize the peptide fraction yielded 1374 unique pep-tides and highlighted the high peptide diversity of the hydrolysate.Finally, the hydrolysate exhibited antimicrobial activity against Y.ruckeri and to a lesser extent against E. tarda and B. megaterium.This work is a preliminary approach before focusing on the diver-sity of proteins and peptides present in the hydrolysate as well ason the organs they come from. These results will contribute to bet-ter characterizing the hydrolysate and understanding its dietaryperformances in fish. Palatable, nutritional and bioactive perform-ances of dietary Tilapia hydrolysate will have to be determined byconducting in vivo trials on fish.