Currently, there are several major theories and perspectives
on the causes of autism. For instance, the empathizing-systemizing
theory explains that an individual with autism has affective
or empathizing deficits. According toMyers et al. [10], empathizing
involves two major steps: 1) the ability to attribute
mental states to other people as a natural way of understanding
them, and 2) having an automatic appropriate emotional response
to other people’s mental states that makes one care about
their feelings [10, p.57]. However, such an individual may have
intact or even superior cognitive ability, known as systemizing,
to analyze and build systems so as to understand and predict the
functional behavior of impersonal events or inanimate or abstract
entities. Executive dysfunction is another theory depicting
autism as a form of perseveration or result of an inability to shift
attention presumably to arise from some form of frontal lobe
brain damage. It explains that people with autism lack the control
over conation (or conscious effort to carry out self-determined
acts) and thus, they cannot plan [11]. The theory of weak
central coherence, however, claims the preference of a person
with autism for local detail over global processing. A fourth example
is the theory of sensory integration deficits. It is based on
the premise that adequate processing and integration of sensory
information by the central nervous system plays a significant
role in an individual’s ability to participate in daily activities
[12], [13]. Sensory processing difficulties have been reported to