Our surveillance study, conducted over 3 years in a semi-ruralpart of Thailand, made several new observations about the burden, severity and seasonality of shigellosis. The Shigella isolates detected during the surveillance study provide new information about the serogroups and types in circulation as well as their
antimicrobial resistance. We found an overall culture-confirmed shigellosis incidence of 0.6/1000 population per year and an incidence of 4.1/1000 children aged < 5 per year. Government statistics — which like our surveillance study make use of surveillance in treatment centres but, unlike our study, do not systematically