For example, Dalai et al. [14] achieved surface areas of 300–650 m2/g, with mass loss of 40–90%, using a bench scalepyrolysis and activation process. Lower soaking timesachieved microporous solids but with lower surface area and a more heterogeneous pore size distribution. In the case of straw, in all assays the burn-off level was so high that it was not possible to characterise the activated product.