To ensure uniform water
distribution, a drip irrigation system was used with a two-emitter
line for each combination of plant rows and drippers of 4 l h
−1
flow. In both systems, the amounts of N–P–K supply were based
on soil analysis, crop rotation and crop nutrients required. Nitrogen fertilizers were applied following calculation of N balance to
reach the same quantity of total nitrogen (150 N kg ha
−1
) in both
cropping systems