Trucking regulations overseeing the above issues should be overhauled and their enforcement strengthened. In particular, safeguards should be in place such that regulations cannot easily be circumvented by facilitation payments to government officials and the police. Revised regulations should focus on rigorous truck driver license testing and semiannual vehicle and chassis road- ability inspections. Axle loads can be better enforced through more extensive use of modern (e.g., weigh-in-motion- and systems-enabled, adequately staffed) permanent weigh stations and the automated monitoring of marine terminal scales, complemented by regular unscheduled inspections through mobile scales. Consolidation of the trucking industry can be further encour- aged by promoting access to more affordable credit for truck carriers. Options can be explored to reduce the incidence of empty backhauls, promote joint- venture investments by foreign trucking companies, and develop stronger emissions control standards.