Experiments have been also carried out using HV pol or HH pol only (results not shown here). The use of dual-pol SAR image is able to produce a better ice concentration estimation than using HH or HV only, as has been demonstrated in previ- ous research [12], [34]. When using HH pol only, the results are strongly affected by the incidence angle, whereas using only HV pol shows banding in the resulting ice concentration estimate.