them as we would wish. The risk of restraint was greater when the child was very young or there was little time to use non-pharmacological methods. Selecting the right method and putting in a little extra time could reduce the strain on both the nurse and the family. As one nurse said Focus group 1, nurse D: "If you spend an extra five minutes preparing a child for a peripheral venous cannulation, the result is that you get the procedure done without a fight and you save time. In addition, you save the child from the experience of pain and the chaotic situation that follows when you must hold a child still. Therefore, I think you can manage