and poorer social functioning than women. Males also show poorer premorbid functioning and a poorer outcome. Overall, schizophrenia has been reported to be a less severe disorder in women than men. The impact of hormones, particularly estrogen, has been proposed as a biochemicalmodulator in schizophrenia. The issue of women’s increased susceptibility to certain antipsychotic medication side effects has been reviewed by Seeman that highlights the potential need for psychological treatments in this patient group.