In contrast, Surry and Farquhar (1997) contend that micro-level approaches are rooted on instrumentalist philosophy, which believes humans are the driving force for social change and technology is a tool of change used by humans. Whereas deterministic philosophers view technology adoption as a revolutionary process that happens in leaps, instrumentalists view it as an evolutionary process that is slow, gradual, and initiated by the needs of adopters. An example of a program that employs only a micro level approach is a school district that relies on teachers to identify needs, apply for external grants, and develop local partnerships with technology leaders to implement new technologies. This tends to result in the implementation of a diverse range of technologies across classrooms implemented without coordinated strategies for support. This type of approach rarely translates into widespread technology-infused instructional practices.