Japan occupied all of the British, Dutch,and US possessions in Southeast Asia. In Indochina Japan had the cooperation of the Vichy French government in Indochina for much of the war, but took more direct control in the closing phases. Thailand also cooperated with Japan. Nationalist movements in Indonesia and Burma worked with Japan as a means of advancing their own goals. With Japan's defeat in 1945, clearly the reimposition of the previous colonial system would be no easy task.