Problem-based learning has been used as a learning device in medical school classrooms
for some time and has recently been used in the management classroom, since at least
2004. Although theory about the effectiveness of problem-based learning and practical
advice about implementing problem-based learning abound, the empirical evidence
available to date suggests problem-based learning primarily impacts problem solving and
critical thinking skill but not necessarily knowledge acquisition. This paper presents an
overview of the prevailing theoretical approach to problem-based learning. Then presents
a comprehensive review of the empirical literature on problem-based learning with a focus
on its application to the management classroom. Finally, the paper presents an alternative,
novel pedagogical theory, Montessorian theory, as applied to problem-based learning, that
aligns theory and prevailing research better than the existing theoretical conception.
Montessorian theory as applied to problem-based learning can lead to a better understanding
of the effectiveness of problem-based learning, focus on more appropriate
learning objectives and learning outcomes, and have implications for future research,
curricular development, and assessment of learning outcomes in the management
classroom.